Hand treatment procedures are tailored to address specific conditions like fractures, arthritis, carpal tunnel syndrome, tendon injuries, or deformities. Below are common treatment methods:

Non-Surgical Treatments

1. Medication

   • Pain relievers (e.g., acetaminophen, NSAIDs) to reduce pain and inflammation.
   • Corticosteroid injections for arthritis or severe inflammation.
   • Antibiotics for infections like cellulitis.

2. Immobilization

   • Splints, casts, or braces to support and stabilize the hand during healing.

3. Physical Therapy

   • Strengthening exercises to restore grip and dexterity.
   • Range-of-motion exercises to reduce stiffness.
   • Ergonomic training to prevent future injuries.

4. Lifestyle Modifications

   • Activity adjustments to reduce strain on the hand.
   • Assistive devices like ergonomic tools for daily tasks.

5. Heat/Ice Therapy

   • Ice packs for acute injuries.
   • Heat therapy for chronic conditions like arthritis.

Minimally Invasive Procedures

1. Arthroscopy

   • Small incisions and a camera (arthroscope) are used to treat:
     • Joint inflammation
     • Ligament tears
     • Removal of loose cartilage or bone fragments

2. Corticosteroid Injections

   • Minimally invasive and used to reduce inflammation in conditions like trigger finger or carpal tunnel syndrome.

Surgical Treatments

1. Fracture Repair

   • Fixation of broken bones using plates, screws, or wires.
   • Ensures proper alignment for healing.

2. Tendon and Ligament Repair

   • Surgery to repair torn tendons (e.g., flexor or extensor tendons).
   • Ligament reconstruction for joint stability.

3. Carpal Tunnel Release

   • Cutting the transverse carpal ligament to relieve pressure on the median nerve.
   • Used for carpal tunnel syndrome.

4. Trigger Finger Release

   • A small incision is made to release the tendon sheath, allowing smooth tendon movement.

5. Joint Replacement (Arthroplasty)

   • Damaged joints (e.g., due to arthritis) are replaced with prosthetic implants.

6. Joint Fusion (Arthrodesis)

   • Bones in the hand are fused to eliminate pain and improve stability.
   • Common for severe arthritis or deformities.

7. Dupuytren’s Contracture Surgery

   • Removal or release of thickened tissue causing finger contractures.

8. Infection or Tumor Removal

   • Surgical debridement for infections.
   • Excision of benign or malignant tumors in the hand.

Rehabilitation Post-Treatment

• Focused physical therapy to restore function, strength, and flexibility.
• Gradual return to normal activities under medical supervision.
• Splinting or bracing during recovery.

Conditions Commonly Treated

• Arthritis: Joint fusion or replacement.
• Fractures: Open reduction and internal fixation.
• Nerve Compression (e.g., carpal tunnel): Nerve release surgery.
• Tendon Injuries: Repair or reconstruction.
• Congenital or Acquired Deformities: Corrective surgeries.

For optimal care, consult an orthopedic hand specialist or a surgeon experienced in hand conditions to create a tailored treatment plan. Early diagnosis and intervention can significantly improve recovery outcomes.